Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff
The Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff (VCDS) serves as the deputy to the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is the professional head of the British Armed Forces. As the second-most senior position within the UK's military hierarchy, the VCDS plays a critical role in the operational and strategic management of national security.
Established in its current form in February 1964, the position evolved from the earlier role of Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff. Since its inception, the office has been held by senior officers from across the three primary branches of the military, ensuring a balanced, tri-service approach to leadership.
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Key Facts
- Current Incumbent: General Dame Sharon Nesmith (since June 2024).
- Rank: Second-most senior position in the British Armed Forces.
- Reporting Line: Reports directly to the Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS).
- Appointment Process: Nominated by the Secretary of State for Defence and appointed by the Prime Minister, subject to formal approval by the King-in-Council.
- First Holder: Air Chief Marshal Sir Alfred Earle (1964).
Responsibilities and Strategic Duties
The VCDS is primarily responsible for managing the armed forces aspects of defence business, operating largely through the central staff. The role is multifaceted, blending administrative oversight with high-level military strategy.
Operational Leadership
A core function of the VCDS is to deputise for the Chief of the Defence Staff, specifically acting as the Military Strategic Commander when required. This ensures continuity of command and strategic direction at the highest level.
Capability and Development
The VCDS leads senior military judgement regarding the future development of the armed forces. This includes defining and delivering military capability requirements and serving as the capability sponsor for major capital projects and programmes.
Personnel and Policy
Within the Defence Board, the VCDS is the lead for military personnel and training, which encompasses the management of the Reserves. Additionally, the VCDS leads the preparation of military input for Strategic Defence and Security Reviews (SDSRs)—comprehensive assessments of the UK's security threats and the resources needed to meet them.
Furthermore, the VCDS works alongside the CDS to conduct the military strategic dialogue, ensuring that the UK's military objectives are aligned with broader government policy.
Governance and Membership
To execute these duties, the VCDS is an integral member of two primary governing bodies:
- Defence Council: The highest-level administrative body for the Ministry of Defence.
- Chiefs of Staff Committee: The body comprising the professional heads of the various military services.
Historical Overview of VCDS Appointments
Since 1964, the role has been filled by distinguished officers from the Royal Air Force, British Army, Royal Navy, and Royal Marines. The following table summarizes the leadership transition of the office.
| No. | Name | Term | Defence Branch |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sir Alfred Earle | 1964–1966 | Royal Air Force |
| 10 | Sir Patrick Howard-Dobson | 1979–1981 | British Army |
| 16 | Sir Benjamin Bathurst | 1991–1993 | Royal Navy |
| 24 | Sir Gordon Messenger | 2016–2019 | Royal Marines |
| 26 | Gwyn Jenkins | 2022–2024 | Royal Marines |
| 27 | Dame Sharon Nesmith | 2024–Present | British Army |
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is the current Vice-Chief of the Defence Staff?
The current incumbent is General Dame Sharon Nesmith, who assumed the role in June 2024.
What is the difference between the CDS and the VCDS?
The Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS) is the professional head of the British Armed Forces, while the Vice-Chief (VCDS) is the deputy who focuses on the internal running of defence business, capability delivery, and personnel.
How is the VCDS appointed?
The Secretary of State for Defence nominates the candidate, and the Prime Minister appoints them, following formal approval by the King-in-Council.
What was the role called before 1964?
Prior to February 1964, the position was known as the Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff.
Which military branches can hold the VCDS position?
The position is open to senior officers from all branches of the British Armed Forces, including the Royal Navy, British Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Marines.