KTX-Cheongryong: South Korea's Next-Generation High-Speed Rail
The KTX-Cheongryong (also known as the Korail Class 160000 or EMU-320) represents a significant leap in South Korean rail technology. Manufactured by Hyundai Rotem and operated by Korail, this high-speed electric multiple unit (EMU) marks a strategic shift in the country's rolling stock design, moving away from the traditional TGV-style configuration of power cars and unpowered trailers toward a more efficient distributed traction system.
Officially entering service on May 1, 2024, the KTX-Cheongryong is the second domestically developed high-speed EMU in commercial service, following the KTX-Eum. Its name, meaning "Blue Dragon," was chosen by the public to coincide with the 2024 Year of the Blue Dragon in the Korean zodiac, symbolizing hope and vigor.
ไม่มีภาพประกอบ
Key Facts
- Maximum Service Speed: 305 km/h (with a design commercial speed of 320 km/h).
- Acceleration: 0 to 300 km/h in 212 seconds, significantly faster than the KTX-Sancheon.
- Traction System: Distributed traction using IGBT-VVVF technology.
- Capacity: 515 seated passengers (46 Superior Class, 469 Standard Class).
- Routes: Currently serving the Gyeongbu and Honam high-speed railways.
- Certification: Obtained Technical Specification for Interoperability (TSI) certification in September 2024 for the European market.
Development and History
The foundations of the KTX-Cheongryong were laid during the development of the experimental HEMU-430X. Between June and December 2016, Korail and Hyundai Rotem signed agreements to produce high-speed EMUs for revenue service. While the project faced initial delays due to excessive noise levels in the cab and passenger areas, Hyundai Rotem addressed these issues by redesigning the pantograph and enhancing sound insulation in the floors and ceilings.
The first two pre-series sets began operations in May 2024. Looking forward, Korail expects 17 additional trainsets by March 2028, with SR Corporation slated to receive 14 units starting in 2027. A second-generation model, featuring improved air conditioning, shorter braking distances, and enhanced ride comfort, began rolling off production lines in December 2025.
Technical Design and Specifications
The KTX-Cheongryong utilizes an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) design, meaning the traction power is distributed across multiple cars rather than concentrated in a single locomotive. This allows for better acceleration and more efficient use of space.
Aerodynamics and Performance
The train's front-end design reduces aerodynamic resistance by 10% compared to previous South Korean high-speed models. It is powered by 24 asynchronous 3-phase AC motors providing a total output of 9,120 kW. The train is constructed from aluminium to optimize weight and durability.
Interior and Passenger Experience
Passenger comfort has been a primary focus. Unlike the KTX-I and KTX-Sancheon, the Cheongryong offers increased legroom, wider armrests, and modern amenities including USB ports and wireless charging pads. Each seat is aligned with a window and features an entertainment display similar to aircraft inflight systems. Additionally, seats in both classes can be rotated to face the direction of travel via a single control unit.
ไม่มีภาพประกอบ
Technical Summary
| Feature | Specification |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Hyundai Rotem |
| Formation | 8 cars (TC-M'-M-M-M-M-M'-TC) |
| Train Length | 199.1 m |
| Max Design Speed | 352 km/h |
| Power Output | 9,120 kW (12,230 hp) |
| Electric System | 25 kV 60 Hz AC overhead catenary |
| Braking Systems | Regenerative, rheostatic, disc, and pneumatic |
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the name "Cheongryong" mean?
Cheongryong means "Blue Dragon" in Korean. The name was selected by the public to align with the 2024 Year of the Blue Dragon in the Korean zodiac.
How does the KTX-Cheongryong differ from previous KTX models?
Unlike the TGV-style power car configuration of earlier models, the KTX-Cheongryong uses distributed traction. It also offers faster acceleration, lower aerodynamic resistance, and upgraded interior amenities like wireless charging and entertainment screens.
What is the maximum speed of the KTX-Cheongryong?
The train has a service speed of 305 km/h, a commercial design speed of 320 km/h, and a maximum design speed of 352 km/h.
Which lines does the KTX-Cheongryong serve?
It currently operates on the Gyeongbu High-Speed Railway and the Honam High-Speed Railway.
Will the KTX-Cheongryong be used outside of South Korea?
While primarily for domestic use, the EMU-320 obtained TSI (Technical Specification for Interoperability) certification in September 2024, which allows Hyundai Rotem to market the train in the European high-speed rail market.