Steel Helmet Production and Manufacturing Specifications
The production of protective headgear requires a precise balance of material science and industrial engineering. These helmets were designed to provide critical protection to the wearer, utilizing specific metals and structural shapes to mitigate the risks of impact during use.
Material and Design
Helmets were constructed from either pressed mild steel or manganese steel, the latter of which was specifically chosen for its superior impact resistance. To maximize protection, the helmets featured a high dome design, engineered to withstand impacts while maintaining a safe space for the wearer's head.
These helmets were produced in only two sizes, often marked as M (medium) or L (large) on the inside of the brim. They were available in four primary colors: white, black, grey, and olive green.
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Ballistic Resistance and Markings
Some helmets feature two single holes positioned opposite each other on the brim. These markings indicated the level of resistance the helmet provided against ballistic impact (the projection of projectiles). Helmets with these specific markings offered the lowest level of resistance and were therefore not intended for use as frontline equipment.
Assembly and Accessories
To ensure a secure fit and comfort, a helmet liner made of leather and webbing was utilized. This liner was secured to the shell using string, shoelaces, or leather thongs, which were threaded through 16 slightly angled drilled holes located around the helmet.
While the helmets included small loops for attaching a chinstrap, no official strap was issued with the equipment. As a result, many users adapted the Mk II helmet chinstrap, leading to a wide variety of chinstrap configurations found on surviving examples.
Key Facts
- Materials: Manufactured from pressed mild steel or impact-resistant manganese steel.
- Sizing: Available only in Medium (M) and Large (L).
- Colors: Produced in olive green, grey, black, and white.
- Liner System: Leather and webbing liners secured via 16 drilled holes.
- Frontline Use: Helmets with specific brim holes indicated low ballistic resistance and were not for frontline use.
Manufacturing and Makers
Production was distributed across several industrial companies, including automotive manufacturers who pivoted their pressing capabilities to produce these helmets.
| Code | Maker | Location |
|---|---|---|
| A.M.C. | Austin Motor Company | Longbridge |
| BMB | Briggs Motor Bodies Ltd | Dagenham |
| E.C&CO | E Camelinat & Co Ltd | Birmingham |
| JSS | Joseph Sankey & Sons Ltd | Bilston |
| MMOR | Morris Motors | Cowley |
| PCH | Unknown | Unknown |
| PSC | Pressed Steel Company | Cowley |
| RO&CO | Rubery Owen Co. Ltd | Leeds |
| VM | Vauxhall Motors | Luton |
Frequently Asked Questions
What materials were used to make the helmets?
The helmets were made from either pressed mild steel or manganese steel, with manganese steel being preferred for its high impact resistance.
How were the helmet liners attached?
Liners made of leather and webbing were attached using string, shoelaces, or leather thongs threaded through 16 angled holes drilled into the helmet.
Why were some helmets not suitable for frontline use?
Helmets marked with two opposite holes on the brim indicated a lower level of ballistic impact resistance, making them unsuitable for frontline combat environments.
Were official chinstraps provided?
No official chinstraps were issued, although the helmets featured loops for attachment. Many users opted to use the Mk II helmet chinstrap instead.
Which companies manufactured these helmets?
Manufacturing was handled by various firms, including the Austin Motor Company, Morris Motors, Vauxhall Motors, and the Pressed Steel Company, among others.